Fastener

Fastener (US Chirungu) kana kusungirira (UK Chirungu)[1] mudziyo wehardware unobatanidza kana kubatanidza zvinhu zviviri kana kupfuura pamwechete.Kazhinji, fasteners inoshandiswa kugadzira majoini asingagari;ndiko kuti, mapfundo anogona kubviswa kana kubviswa pasina kukuvadza zvinobatanidzwa.[2]Welding muenzaniso wekugadzira majoini asingagumi.Zvisungo zvesimbi zvinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina, kabhoni simbi, kana alloy simbi.

Dzimwe nzira dzekubatanidza zvinhu dzinosanganisira: crimping, welding, soldering, brazing, taping, gluing, simende, kana kushandiswa kwezvimwe zvinonamira.Simba rinogona zvakare kushandiswa, senge magineti, vacuum (semakapu ekuyamwa), kana kunyange kukwesha (sekunamira mapedhi).Mamwe marudzi ehuni majoini anoshandisa akaparadzana emukati reinforcements, senge dowels kana mabhisikiti, ayo neimwe nzira anogona kutorwa sezvisungo mukati mechikamu cheiyo majoini system, kunyangwe pachezvavo zvisiri izvo zvakajairika zvisungo.

Fenicha inopihwa muflat-pack fomu inowanzo shandisa cam dowels yakavharwa nemakiyi ecam, anozivikanwawo seconformat fasteners.Mafasteners anogona zvakare kushandiswa kuvhara mudziyo wakaita sebhegi, bhokisi, kana hamvuropu;kana kuti zvinogona kusanganisira kubatanidza mativi ekuvhura kwezvinhu zvinochinjika, kuisa chivharo mugaba, nezvimwewo. Panewo michina yekuvhara ine chinangwa chakasarudzika, semuenzaniso kepu yechingwa.

Zvinhu zvakaita setambo, tambo, waya, tambo, cheni, kana kuputira kwepurasitiki zvinogona kushandiswa kubatanidza zvinhu;asi hazviwanzo kurongerwa sezvisungo nekuti zvine mamwe mashandisirwo akajairika.Saizvozvowo, hinges uye zvitubu zvinogona kubatanidza zvinhu pamwechete, asi hazviwanzo kutorwa sezvisungo nekuti chinangwa chazvo chikuru ndechekubvumira kutaura kwete kuomarara.

Indasitiri

Muna 2005, zvakafungidzirwa kuti United States fastener indasitiri inomhanyisa 350 kugadzira zvidyarwa uye inoshandisa 40,000 vashandi.Indasitiri iyi yakabatana zvakanyanya nekugadzirwa kwemotokari, ndege, midziyo, michina yekurima, kuvaka kwekutengesa, uye zvivakwa.Zvinopfuura 200 bhiriyoni fasteners anoshandiswa pagore muUS, 26 bhiriyoni aya neindasitiri yemotokari.Muparadzi mukuru wemafasteners muNorth America iFastenal Company.[3]

Zvishandiso

Kune matatu makuru esimbi masimbi anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri: Stainless simbi, kabhoni simbi, uye alloy simbi.Giredhi hombe rinoshandiswa muStainless steel fasteners: mazana maviri akatevedzana, mazana matatu akatevedzana, uye mazana mana akatevedzana.Titanium, aluminium, uye akasiyana alloys zvakare zvinhu zvakajairika zvekuvakisa zvesimbi zvinosunga.Muzviitiko zvakawanda, machira akakosha kana plating anogona kuiswa kune zvigadziro zvesimbi kuti zvivandudze maitiro avo ekuita, semuenzaniso, kuwedzera corrosion resistance.Mabatiro akajairika anosanganisira zingi, chrome, uye inopisa dip galvanizing.[4]

Applications

Paunenge uchisarudza chisungo chekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri, zvakakosha kufunga zvakasiyana siyana.Kurukwa, mutoro wakaiswa pachisungiso, kuoma kwechisungiso, uye nhamba yezvisungo zvinodiwa zvese zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa.

Pakusarudza chekumisikidza kune chakapihwa application, zvakakosha kuziva izvo chaizvo zvechishandiso ichocho kubatsira kusarudza chinhu chakakodzera chekushandisa.Zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvinosanganisira:

Accessibility

Zvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira tembiricha, kuratidzwa kwemvura, uye zvinhu zvinogona kuita ngura

Installation process

Zvishandiso zvekubatanidzwa

Reusability

Zvirambidzo zvehuremu[5]ASME B18 zviyero pane mamwe mafasteners

IAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) inoburitsa akati wandei Mayero pazvigadziriso.Zvimwe ndezvi:

B18.3 Socket Cap, Shoulder, Set Screws, uye Hex Keys (Inch Series)

B18.6.1 Wood Screws (Inch Series)

B18.6.2 Slotted Head Cap Screws, Square Head Set Screws, And Slotted Headless Set Screws (Inch Series)

B18.6.3 Zvikurukuru zveMuchina, Zvikurukuru zvekutapa, neMetallic Drive Screws (Inch Series)

B18.18 Kuvimbiswa Kwemhando Yezvigadziro

B18.24 Chikamu Chekuzivisa Nhamba (PIN) Code System Standard yeB18 Fastener Zvigadzirwa

Zvemidziyo yehondo

Zvisururu zveAmerica, mabhaudhi, uye nzungu zvanga zvisati zvanyatso chinjika nevamwe vavo vekuBritain, uye saka zvaisazokwana midziyo yeBritish nemazvo.Izvi, muchikamu, zvakabatsira kutungamira mukuvandudzwa kweakawanda eUnited States Military Standards uye zvakatemwa zvekugadzirwa kwechero chidimbu chemidziyo chinoshandiswa kumauto kana kudzivirira zvinangwa, kusanganisira zvisungo.Hondo Yenyika II yakanga iri chinhu chikuru muiyi chinjo.

Chinhu chakakosha chemaitiro mazhinji echiuto ndiko kurongeka.Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vagadziri vehardware vanofanirwa kukwanisa kuteedzera zvinhu zvavo kune kwavanobva, uye nekupa kuteedzera kwezvikamu zvavo zvinopinda mucheni yekugovera, kazhinji kuburikidza nemabhawa macode kana nzira dzakafanana.Uku kuteedzera kunoitirwa kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti mativi akakodzera anoshandiswa uye kuti zviyero zvemhando zvinosangana mune yega nhanho yekugadzira maitiro;uyezve, zvikamu zvisingabatsiri zvinogona kurondwa kumashure kwazvakabva.[7]